{
  "version": "v0.3",
  "language_scope": ["grc"],
  "created": "2026-05-05",
  "description": "Initial matched-pair corpus for the v0.3 demo. Each entry pairs a familiar English reception with cited Greek wording and multiple grammar-respecting English paths.",
  "policy": [
    "The current English is a reception anchor, not an authority.",
    "The Greek wording is cited source text, not a final recovered original.",
    "Alternative translations are examples of possible paths, not ranked answers.",
    "Submitted entries must include provenance before they can enter the corpus."
  ],
  "entries": [
    {
      "id": "friendship-epicurus-kd-27",
      "theme": "friendship",
      "author": "Epicurus",
      "work": "Principal Doctrines",
      "citation": "KD 27",
      "approximate_year": -270,
      "current_english": "The greatest thing wisdom provides for a happy life is friendship.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "Ὧν ἡ σοφία παρασκευάζεται εἰς τὴν τοῦ ὅλου βίου μακαριότητα, πολὺ μέγιστόν ἐστιν ἡ τῆς φιλίας κτῆσις.",
        "source_label": "Usener-style Greek text via Lexundria",
        "source_url": "https://lexundria.com/epic_kd/27/cf",
        "confidence": "public-source"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "φιλίας", "lemma": "φιλία", "options": ["friendship", "bond of friendship", "friendly relation"]},
        {"token": "κτῆσις", "lemma": "κτῆσις", "options": ["acquisition", "possession", "securing"]},
        {"token": "μακαριότητα", "lemma": "μακαριότης", "options": ["happiness", "blessedness", "complete flourishing"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "Of what wisdom prepares for happiness over the whole life, by far the greatest is acquiring friendship.",
        "Among the provisions wisdom makes for a completely blessed life, the possession of friendship is much the greatest.",
        "For lifelong flourishing, wisdom's largest provision is the gaining of friendship."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "For lifelong flourishing, wisdom's largest provision is the securing of friendship."
    },
    {
      "id": "friendship-aristotle-ne-1155a",
      "theme": "friendship",
      "author": "Aristotle",
      "work": "Nicomachean Ethics",
      "citation": "1155a",
      "approximate_year": -325,
      "current_english": "No one would choose to live without friends.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "ἄνευ γὰρ φίλων οὐδεὶς ἕλοιτ᾽ ἂν ζῆν, ἔχων τὰ λοιπὰ ἀγαθὰ πάντα.",
        "source_label": "Perseus Digital Library, Aristotle Nicomachean Ethics",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0054%3Abekker+page%3D1155a%3Abekker+line%3D3",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "ἄνευ", "lemma": "ἄνευ", "options": ["without", "apart from"]},
        {"token": "φίλων", "lemma": "φίλος", "options": ["friends", "dear ones", "friendly persons"]},
        {"token": "ἕλοιτ᾽ ἂν", "lemma": "αἱρέω", "options": ["would choose", "would prefer", "would take up"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "Without friends, no one would choose to live, even while having all the other goods.",
        "No one would prefer life apart from friends, though possessing every remaining good.",
        "A life with every other good would still not be chosen if friends were absent."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "No one would prefer life apart from friends, even with every other good in hand."
    },
    {
      "id": "friendship-aristotle-ne-1166a",
      "theme": "friendship",
      "author": "Aristotle",
      "work": "Nicomachean Ethics",
      "citation": "1166a",
      "approximate_year": -325,
      "current_english": "A friend is another self.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "ἔστι γὰρ ὁ φίλος ἄλλος αὐτός.",
        "source_label": "Perseus Digital Library, Aristotle Nicomachean Ethics Book 9",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0054%3Abook%3D9",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "φίλος", "lemma": "φίλος", "options": ["friend", "beloved friend", "one dear to someone"]},
        {"token": "ἄλλος", "lemma": "ἄλλος", "options": ["another", "other", "a second"]},
        {"token": "αὐτός", "lemma": "αὐτός", "options": ["self", "same one", "himself"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "The friend is another self.",
        "A friend is a second self.",
        "The one dear to us stands as another oneself."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "The friend is a second self, not merely a useful companion."
    },
    {
      "id": "friendship-epicurus-vs-23",
      "theme": "friendship",
      "author": "Epicurus",
      "work": "Vatican Sayings",
      "citation": "VS 23",
      "approximate_year": -270,
      "current_english": "Every friendship is worth choosing for its own sake.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "Πᾶσα φιλία δι᾽ ἑαυτὴν αἱρετή· ἀρχὴν δὲ εἴληφεν ἀπὸ τῆς ὠφελείας.",
        "source_label": "Open Greek text of Epicurus Vatican Sayings",
        "source_url": "https://monadnock.net/epicurus/vatican-sayings.html",
        "confidence": "fragment-collection"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "Πᾶσα", "lemma": "πᾶς", "options": ["every", "all", "each"]},
        {"token": "αἱρετή", "lemma": "αἱρετός", "options": ["choiceworthy", "to be chosen", "worth selecting"]},
        {"token": "ὠφελείας", "lemma": "ὠφέλεια", "options": ["benefit", "advantage", "usefulness"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "Every friendship is choiceworthy for itself, though it took its beginning from benefit.",
        "All friendship is worth choosing in itself, even if its origin lies in advantage.",
        "Each friendship is selectable for its own sake; its start, however, has come from usefulness."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "All friendship is worth choosing in itself, even when its beginning came from usefulness."
    },
    {
      "id": "community-aristotle-pol-1253a",
      "theme": "community",
      "author": "Aristotle",
      "work": "Politics",
      "citation": "1253a",
      "approximate_year": -322,
      "current_english": "Man is by nature a political animal.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "ὁ ἄνθρωπος φύσει πολιτικὸν ζῷον ... λόγον δὲ μόνον ἄνθρωπος ἔχει τῶν ζῴων ... ἡ δὲ τούτων κοινωνία ποιεῖ οἰκίαν καὶ πόλιν.",
        "source_label": "W. D. Ross text via Perseus Digital Library",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Aabo%3Atlg%2C0086%2C035%3A1%3A1253a",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "πολιτικὸν", "lemma": "πολιτικός", "options": ["political", "civic", "polis-living"]},
        {"token": "ζῷον", "lemma": "ζῷον", "options": ["animal", "living creature"]},
        {"token": "λόγον", "lemma": "λόγος", "options": ["speech", "account", "reasoned discourse"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "The human being is by nature a polis-living creature.",
        "A human is naturally a civic animal, more than any bee or herd creature.",
        "The human animal is fitted by nature for shared civic life because it has speech or reason."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "The human being is by nature a civic living creature whose shared life depends on speech."
    },
    {
      "id": "community-aristotle-pol-1252a",
      "theme": "community",
      "author": "Aristotle",
      "work": "Politics",
      "citation": "1252a",
      "approximate_year": -322,
      "current_english": "Every city is a community established for some good.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "πᾶσαν πόλιν ὁρῶμεν κοινωνίαν τινὰ οὖσαν καὶ πᾶσαν κοινωνίαν ἀγαθοῦ τινος ἕνεκεν συνεστηκυῖαν.",
        "source_label": "Perseus Digital Library, Aristotle Politics 1252a",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0057",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "πόλιν", "lemma": "πόλις", "options": ["city", "polis", "civic community"]},
        {"token": "κοινωνίαν", "lemma": "κοινωνία", "options": ["community", "partnership", "association"]},
        {"token": "ἕνεκεν", "lemma": "ἕνεκα", "options": ["for the sake of", "because of", "with a view to"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "We see every polis as a kind of association, and every association as constituted for the sake of some good.",
        "Every city appears to be some partnership, and every partnership has been put together with a view to some good.",
        "A polis is seen as a community of some sort, and every community stands for some perceived good."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "Every polis is a kind of partnership, formed with a view to some good."
    },
    {
      "id": "community-plato-rep-369b",
      "theme": "community",
      "author": "Plato",
      "work": "Republic",
      "citation": "369b",
      "approximate_year": -375,
      "current_english": "A city comes into being because none of us is self-sufficient.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "Γίγνεται τοίνυν πόλις, ὡς ἐγᾦμαι, ἐπειδὴ τυγχάνει ἡμῶν ἕκαστος οὐκ αὐτάρκης, ἀλλὰ πολλῶν ἐνδεής.",
        "source_label": "Plato Republic 369b, Greek text tradition via Perseus-linked sources",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn%3Acts%3AgreekLit%3Atlg0059.tlg030.perseus-eng1%3A369",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "Γίγνεται", "lemma": "γίγνομαι", "options": ["comes into being", "arises", "is generated"]},
        {"token": "αὐτάρκης", "lemma": "αὐτάρκης", "options": ["self-sufficient", "enough for oneself", "independent"]},
        {"token": "ἐνδεής", "lemma": "ἐνδεής", "options": ["in need", "lacking", "deficient"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "A city comes into being, I think, because each of us is not self-sufficient but in need of many things.",
        "The polis arises since each person is not enough for himself, but lacks many things.",
        "A city is generated when each of us turns out not to be independent, but needy in many respects."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "The polis arises because each person is not enough for himself and lacks many things."
    },
    {
      "id": "community-plato-protagoras-322c",
      "theme": "community",
      "author": "Plato",
      "work": "Protagoras",
      "citation": "322c",
      "approximate_year": -390,
      "current_english": "Justice and reverence bind cities together.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "Ἑρμῆν πέμπει ἄγοντα εἰς ἀνθρώπους αἰδῶ τε καὶ δίκην, ἵν᾽ εἶεν πόλεων κόσμοι τε καὶ δεσμοὶ φιλίας συναγωγοί.",
        "source_label": "Plato Protagoras 322c Greek text via Open Protagoras",
        "source_url": "https://openprotagoras.wikidot.com/pagex:322",
        "confidence": "public-source"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "αἰδῶ", "lemma": "αἰδώς", "options": ["reverence", "shame", "respectful restraint"]},
        {"token": "δίκην", "lemma": "δίκη", "options": ["justice", "right order", "judgment"]},
        {"token": "δεσμοὶ", "lemma": "δεσμός", "options": ["bonds", "ties", "bindings"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "Hermes brings reverence and justice to human beings so they may be orderings of cities and bonds that gather friendship.",
        "Respectful restraint and justice are sent among humans to become civic ornaments and ties that bring friendship together.",
        "Shame and right judgment make possible the ordering of cities and the bonds that collect people into friendship."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "Reverence and justice become the ties that gather friendship and order cities."
    },
    {
      "id": "intelligence-plato-ap-21d",
      "theme": "intelligence",
      "author": "Plato",
      "work": "Apology",
      "citation": "21d",
      "approximate_year": -399,
      "current_english": "I know that I know nothing.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "ἃ μὴ οἶδα οὐδὲ οἴομαι εἰδέναι.",
        "source_label": "John Burnet text via Perseus Digital Library",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0169%3Atext%3DApol.%3Asection%3D21d",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "ἃ μὴ", "lemma": "ὅς + μή", "options": ["the things which not", "what I do not"]},
        {"token": "οἶδα", "lemma": "οἶδα", "options": ["I know", "I have seen", "I am aware of"]},
        {"token": "οἴομαι", "lemma": "οἴομαι", "options": ["I suppose", "I imagine", "I think myself"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "What I do not know, I do not even suppose that I know.",
        "The things I am not aware of, I also do not imagine myself to know.",
        "Where I lack knowledge, I do not hold the opinion that I know."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "What I do not know, I do not even suppose that I know."
    },
    {
      "id": "intelligence-aristotle-met-980a",
      "theme": "intelligence",
      "author": "Aristotle",
      "work": "Metaphysics",
      "citation": "980a",
      "approximate_year": -325,
      "current_english": "All human beings by nature desire to know.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "πάντες ἄνθρωποι τοῦ εἰδέναι ὀρέγονται φύσει.",
        "source_label": "Perseus Digital Library, Aristotle Metaphysics 980a",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0051",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "πάντες", "lemma": "πᾶς", "options": ["all", "every"]},
        {"token": "εἰδέναι", "lemma": "οἶδα", "options": ["to know", "to understand", "to have seen/known"]},
        {"token": "ὀρέγονται", "lemma": "ὀρέγω", "options": ["desire", "reach toward", "long for"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "All humans by nature reach toward knowing.",
        "Every human being naturally longs to know.",
        "Human beings, all of them, have by nature a desire for understanding."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "Every human being naturally reaches toward understanding."
    },
    {
      "id": "intelligence-plato-theaet-155d",
      "theme": "intelligence",
      "author": "Plato",
      "work": "Theaetetus",
      "citation": "155d",
      "approximate_year": -369,
      "current_english": "Philosophy begins in wonder.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "μάλα γὰρ φιλοσόφου τοῦτο τὸ πάθος, τὸ θαυμάζειν· οὐ γὰρ ἄλλη ἀρχὴ φιλοσοφίας ἢ αὕτη.",
        "source_label": "Perseus Digital Library, Plato Theaetetus 155d",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0171%3Atext%3DTheaet.%3Asection%3D155d",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "πάθος", "lemma": "πάθος", "options": ["experience", "condition", "affection"]},
        {"token": "θαυμάζειν", "lemma": "θαυμάζω", "options": ["to wonder", "to be amazed", "to be struck with perplexity"]},
        {"token": "ἀρχὴ", "lemma": "ἀρχή", "options": ["beginning", "principle", "starting point"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "This experience, wondering, is very much the philosopher's condition; there is no other beginning of philosophy.",
        "Wonder is especially the pathos of a philosopher, for philosophy has no other starting point.",
        "Being struck with wonder is the philosopher's condition; this, and no other, is philosophy's beginning."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "Being struck with wonder is the philosopher's condition and philosophy's starting point."
    },
    {
      "id": "intelligence-plato-meno-81d",
      "theme": "intelligence",
      "author": "Plato",
      "work": "Meno",
      "citation": "81d",
      "approximate_year": -385,
      "current_english": "Learning is recollection.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "τὸ γὰρ ζητεῖν ἄρα καὶ τὸ μανθάνειν ἀνάμνησις ὅλον ἐστίν.",
        "source_label": "Plato Meno 81d Greek text via Gadsden Classics",
        "source_url": "https://classics.andrewgadsden.com/library/plato/meno/1",
        "confidence": "public-source"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "ζητεῖν", "lemma": "ζητέω", "options": ["searching", "inquiring", "seeking"]},
        {"token": "μανθάνειν", "lemma": "μανθάνω", "options": ["learning", "coming to understand"]},
        {"token": "ἀνάμνησις", "lemma": "ἀνάμνησις", "options": ["recollection", "calling back to mind", "remembrance"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "Seeking and learning, then, are as a whole recollection.",
        "Inquiry and coming to understand are, taken altogether, remembering again.",
        "The whole process of searching and learning is calling back to mind."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "Inquiry and coming to understand are, taken altogether, recollection."
    },
    {
      "id": "love-plato-sym-206a",
      "theme": "love",
      "author": "Plato",
      "work": "Symposium",
      "citation": "206a",
      "approximate_year": -380,
      "current_english": "Love is the desire to possess the good forever.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "ἔστιν ἄρα συλλήβδην, ἔφη, ὁ ἔρως τοῦ τὸ ἀγαθὸν αὑτῷ εἶναι ἀεί.",
        "source_label": "John Burnet text via Perseus Digital Library",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0173%3Atext%3DSym.%3Apage%3D206",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "ἔρως", "lemma": "ἔρως", "options": ["love", "longing", "desire"]},
        {"token": "ἀγαθὸν", "lemma": "ἀγαθός", "options": ["good", "beneficial", "noble good"]},
        {"token": "αὑτῷ εἶναι", "lemma": "αὑτῷ + εἰμί", "options": ["to be one's own", "to be for oneself", "to belong to oneself"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "So, in sum, love is for the good to be one's own always.",
        "Love, taken together, is directed at the good being present to oneself forever.",
        "Desire is that the good should belong to oneself always."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "Love, in sum, is for the good to belong to oneself always."
    },
    {
      "id": "love-plato-sym-202e",
      "theme": "love",
      "author": "Plato",
      "work": "Symposium",
      "citation": "202e",
      "approximate_year": -380,
      "current_english": "Love is between mortal and immortal.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "δαίμων μέγας, ὦ Σώκρατες· καὶ γὰρ πᾶν τὸ δαιμόνιον μεταξύ ἐστι θεοῦ τε καὶ θνητοῦ.",
        "source_label": "John Burnet text via Perseus Digital Library",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0173%3Atext%3DSym.%3Asection%3D202e",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "δαίμων", "lemma": "δαίμων", "options": ["spirit", "divine intermediary", "daimon"]},
        {"token": "μεταξύ", "lemma": "μεταξύ", "options": ["between", "in the middle of", "intermediate between"]},
        {"token": "θνητοῦ", "lemma": "θνητός", "options": ["mortal", "death-bound"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "A great daimon, Socrates; for the whole daimonic is between god and mortal.",
        "A great intermediary spirit; every daimonic thing stands between divine and mortal.",
        "Love is a great daimon, since the daimonic is intermediate between god and death-bound human life."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "Love is a great intermediary spirit, standing between divine and mortal life."
    },
    {
      "id": "love-plato-sym-204b",
      "theme": "love",
      "author": "Plato",
      "work": "Symposium",
      "citation": "204b",
      "approximate_year": -380,
      "current_english": "Love is a philosopher.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "Ἔρως δ᾽ ἐστὶν ἔρως περὶ τὸ καλόν, ὥστε ἀναγκαῖον ἔρωτα φιλόσοφον εἶναι.",
        "source_label": "John Burnet text via Perseus Digital Library",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0173%3Atext%3DSym.%3Asection%3D204b",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "περὶ", "lemma": "περί", "options": ["about", "around", "concerned with"]},
        {"token": "καλόν", "lemma": "καλός", "options": ["beautiful", "noble", "fine"]},
        {"token": "φιλόσοφον", "lemma": "φιλόσοφος", "options": ["lover of wisdom", "philosophical", "wisdom-loving"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "Eros is desire concerned with the beautiful, so Eros must be wisdom-loving.",
        "Love is love around the noble, and therefore love is necessarily philosophical.",
        "Because Eros is directed toward beauty, Eros must be a lover of wisdom."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "Because Eros is concerned with the noble-beautiful, love must be wisdom-loving."
    },
    {
      "id": "love-plato-phaedrus-249e",
      "theme": "love",
      "author": "Plato",
      "work": "Phaedrus",
      "citation": "249e",
      "approximate_year": -370,
      "current_english": "The lover of beauty is called a lover.",
      "critical_original": {
        "language": "grc",
        "text": "ταύτης μετέχων τῆς μανίας ὁ ἐρῶν τῶν καλῶν ἐραστὴς καλεῖται.",
        "source_label": "Plato Phaedrus Greek text via public Burnet-based sources",
        "source_url": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0173%3APhaedrus",
        "confidence": "public-critical-text"
      },
      "path_options": [
        {"token": "μανίας", "lemma": "μανία", "options": ["madness", "inspiration", "divine frenzy"]},
        {"token": "ἐρῶν", "lemma": "ἐράω", "options": ["loving", "desiring", "being in love with"]},
        {"token": "καλῶν", "lemma": "καλός", "options": ["beautiful things", "noble things", "fine things"]}
      ],
      "alternative_translations": [
        "The one who shares in this madness and loves beautiful things is called a lover.",
        "Whoever partakes of this inspiration, desiring noble things, receives the name lover.",
        "A person participating in this divine frenzy, in love with beauty, is called an erastēs."
      ],
      "example_selected_output": "The one who shares in this inspiration and desires noble things is called a lover."
    }
  ]
}